A methodology proposal to develop a research project for innovation system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1819Keywords:
Research project, Innovation System, UniversityAbstract
Around the world many students or professionals interested in innovation system field dream to have a master, doctor or post doctorate experience in a top university. However, it is noted that are difficulties to identify a top university and propose a good research for a potential supervisor. So, the aim of this article is to propose a methodology to help readers to write a research plan concerning innovation system in order to submit into top universities selection process. In order to do so, a basic conceptual methodology with 8 steps and guidance will be presented by using real case, focused on The Best UK Universities Management Practices to Foster Local Entrepreneurship and Innovation, a basic post doctorate project that the author submmited and was approved in 2018 by the Directors of The Manchester Institute of Innovation Research at Alliance Manchester Business School in the University of Manchester. It was concluded that there is no a universal standard to write a research project concerning to innovation system field or even other field, each university or fund/grand foundation develops its own model. So the conceptual methodology doesn’t want to replace other methodologies, but only to serve as a guide to those candidates that wish to write a proposal and follow the orientations given in this article.
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References
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[18] De Brito Cruz, C. and L. de Mello (2006), Boosting Innovation Performance in Brazil. OECD Economics Department Working Paper No. 532
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[21] Hughes, T. P. (1983): Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore.
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[29] Lester, R. K., 2005. Universities, Innovation, and the Competitiveness of Local Economies – A summary report from the Local Innovation Systems Project–Phase I. Industrial Performance Center, MIT.
Lundvall, B.-Å. (1992): Introduction. In: Lundvall, B. Å. (ed.): National Systems of Innovation toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. Pinter Publishers. London, pp. 1-19.
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[31] Nelson, R. R. (1992): “National Innovation Systems: A Retrospective on a Study”. Industrial and Corporate Change, no. 2, pp.347-374.
[32] OECD (2019). Education at Glance 2019: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris.
[33] OECD (2002). Benchmarking Science-Ind. Relationships. Paris.
[34] OECD (2013) ,Singapore: innovation profile, in OECD,Innovation in Southeast Asia, OECD Publishing.
[35] Reamer, A., Reynolds, E. B., and Mills, K. G (2008). Clusters and Competitiveness: A New Federal Role for Stimulating Regional Economics. Blueprint for American Prosperity, Metropolitan Policy Program, Brookings, USA.
[36] Seo J. H. “Region Innovation System and Industrial Cluster: Its concept, Policy Issues and Implementation Strategies” presented on National Workshop on Sub-National Innovation Systems and Technology Capacity Bulding Policies to Enhance Competitiveness of SMEs, 27-30 October 2006, Beijing, China.
[37] Oster, S. M. (2012). Competitive Strategy in the Nonprofit Sector.Oxford Handbook of Managerial Economics.
[38] Skillern, J. C. W., 2008. Putting Entrepreneurship in the Social Sector. Interview made by Sean Silverthorne in 04 Feb 2008. Accessed 26 August 2014 link http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5782.html
[39] Statista. Estimated number of Universities around the worldwide as of July 2018. Retrieved from October 10, 2019, from <https://www.statista.com/statistics/918403/number-of-universities-worldwide-by-country/>.
[40] Stengos, T., and A. Aurangzeb. 2008. “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Education and Growth in Pakistan.” International Economic Journal 22 (3): 345–359.
[41] Summerton, J. (Ed.), 1994. Changing Large Technical Systems. Westview Press, Boulder/San Francisco/Oxford.
[42] Wong, P.K. (1995), National Innovation System: The Case of Singapore, Seoul: Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI).
[43] Wong, Po K., (1999): National Innovation Systems for Rapid Technological Catch-up: An analytical framework and a competitive analysis of Korea, Taiwan and Singapore. Paper presented at the DRUID Summer Conference on National Innovation.
[44] Whalley, J., and X. Zhao. 2010. “The Contribution of Human Capital to China’s Economic Growth.” NBER Working Paper 16592, National Bureau for Economic Research, Cambridge, MA
[45] World Bank. 2018. World Bank Education Overview: Higher Education (English). World Bank Education Overview. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group.
[2] Anderson, L.W., Krathwohl, D.R., Airasian, P.W., Cruikshank, K.A., Mayer, R.E., Pintrich, P.R., Raths, J., Wittrock, M.C. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon.
[3] Asheim, B. & Isaksen, A. (1996), Location, Agglomeration and Innovation: Towards Regional Innovation Systems in Norway , STEP Report R-13, Oslo.
[4] Asheim, B. & Isaksen, A. (2001), Regional Innovation Systems: the Integration of Local Sticky and Global Ubiquitous Knowledge, Journal of Technology Transfer.
[5] Bloom, B.S. (Ed.). Engelhart, M.D., Furst, E.J., Hill, W.H., Krathwohl, D.R. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay Co Inc.
[6] Bloom, D. E., D. Canning, K. J. Chan, and D. L. Luca. 2014. “Higher Education and Economic Growth in Africa.” International Journal of African Higher Education 1 (1): 22-57.
[7] Bloomberg, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, World Bank, World Intellectual Property Organization: Most Innovative in the World 2014: Countries, January 7, 2014. Accessed on March 1st http://www.bloomberg.com/visual-data/best-andworst/most-innovative-in-the-world-2014-countries.
[8] Boston Consulting Group, The Manufacturing Institute, National Association of Manufacturers. The Innovation Imperative in Manufacturing, 1999:Boston, USA.
[9] Carlsson, B., Stankiewicz, R., 1991. On the nature, function and composition of technological systems. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 1, 93–118.
[10] Carlsson, B. and Stankiewicz, R. (1995): “On the nature, function and composition of technological systems”. In: Carlsson, B. (ed.):Technological Systems and Economic Performance: The Case of Factory Automation. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, pp. 21-56.
[11] Cooke, P. (1992), “Regional innovation systems: competitive regulation in the new Europe”, Geoforum 23, pp. 365-382.
[12] Cooke, P. and Morgan, K. (1998) The Associational Economy: Firms, Regions and Innovation, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[13] Cooke, P. (2002), Knowledge Economies: Clusters, Learning and Co-operative Advantage, London, Routledge.
[14] Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO (2015): The Global Innovation Index 2015: Effective Innovation Policies for Development, Ithaca, Geneva.
[15] Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO (2018): The Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation. Ithaca, Fontainebleau, and Geneva.
[16] Darvas, Peter, Shang Gao, Yijun Shen, and Bilal Bawany. 2017. Sharing Higher Education’s Promise beyond the Few in Sub-Saharan Africa. Directions in Development. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1050-3. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO
[17] David C. M., Bhaven N. S., 2006. Universities in National. The Oxford Handbook of Innovation. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286805.003.0008.
[18] De Brito Cruz, C. and L. de Mello (2006), Boosting Innovation Performance in Brazil. OECD Economics Department Working Paper No. 532
[19] Edquist, C. and Johnson, B. (1997), Institutions and Organizations in Systems of Innovation. In: Edquist, C. (ed): Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organizations. Pinter Publishers. London, pp. 41-63.
[20] George, E., and N. Augustine. 2009. “Higher Education and Economic Development in Africa: The Case of Cameroon.” Educational Research and Reviews 4 (5): 231.
[21] Hughes, T. P. (1983): Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore.
[22] Forbes, 2012. The Most Entrepreneurial Colleges, accessed 2014 August 15th, on http://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelnoer/2012/08/01/t
he-most-entrepreneurial-colleges/
[23] Freeman, C. (1995),The National System of Innovation in Historical Perspective, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19, 5-24
[24] Geels, F.W., Understanding System Innovations: a critical literature review and a conceptual synthesis, in System Innovation and the Transition to Sustainability. Theory, Evidence and Policy, B. Elzen, F. Geels, and K. Green, Editors. 2004, Edward Elgar: Cheltenham, Northampton. p. 19-47.
[25] Geels, F.W., From sectoral systems of innovation to socio-technical systems: Insights about dynamics and change from sociology and institutional theory. Research Policy, 2004. 33(6-7): p. 897-920.
[26] Hekkert, M., R. Suurs, S. Negro, S. Kuhlmann, and R. Smits, Functions of innovation systems: A new approach for analysing technological change. Technological forecasting and Social Change, 2007.74(4): p. 413-432.
[27] Independent Evaluation Group (IEG). 2017. Higher Education for Development: An Evaluation of the World Bank Group`s (English). World Bank Education Overview. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group.
International Monetary Fund. 2018. World Economic Outlook: Cyclical Upswing, Structural Change. Washington, DC, April.
[28] La Porte, T.R. (Ed.), 1991. Social Responses to Large Technical Systems: Control or Anticipation. Kluwer academic Publishers, Dordrecht, NL.
[29] Lester, R. K., 2005. Universities, Innovation, and the Competitiveness of Local Economies – A summary report from the Local Innovation Systems Project–Phase I. Industrial Performance Center, MIT.
Lundvall, B.-Å. (1992): Introduction. In: Lundvall, B. Å. (ed.): National Systems of Innovation toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. Pinter Publishers. London, pp. 1-19.
[30] Mayntz, R., Hughes, T.P. (Eds.), 1988. The Development of Large Technical Systems. Campus Verlag, Frankfurt.
[31] Nelson, R. R. (1992): “National Innovation Systems: A Retrospective on a Study”. Industrial and Corporate Change, no. 2, pp.347-374.
[32] OECD (2019). Education at Glance 2019: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris.
[33] OECD (2002). Benchmarking Science-Ind. Relationships. Paris.
[34] OECD (2013) ,Singapore: innovation profile, in OECD,Innovation in Southeast Asia, OECD Publishing.
[35] Reamer, A., Reynolds, E. B., and Mills, K. G (2008). Clusters and Competitiveness: A New Federal Role for Stimulating Regional Economics. Blueprint for American Prosperity, Metropolitan Policy Program, Brookings, USA.
[36] Seo J. H. “Region Innovation System and Industrial Cluster: Its concept, Policy Issues and Implementation Strategies” presented on National Workshop on Sub-National Innovation Systems and Technology Capacity Bulding Policies to Enhance Competitiveness of SMEs, 27-30 October 2006, Beijing, China.
[37] Oster, S. M. (2012). Competitive Strategy in the Nonprofit Sector.Oxford Handbook of Managerial Economics.
[38] Skillern, J. C. W., 2008. Putting Entrepreneurship in the Social Sector. Interview made by Sean Silverthorne in 04 Feb 2008. Accessed 26 August 2014 link http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5782.html
[39] Statista. Estimated number of Universities around the worldwide as of July 2018. Retrieved from October 10, 2019, from <https://www.statista.com/statistics/918403/number-of-universities-worldwide-by-country/>.
[40] Stengos, T., and A. Aurangzeb. 2008. “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Education and Growth in Pakistan.” International Economic Journal 22 (3): 345–359.
[41] Summerton, J. (Ed.), 1994. Changing Large Technical Systems. Westview Press, Boulder/San Francisco/Oxford.
[42] Wong, P.K. (1995), National Innovation System: The Case of Singapore, Seoul: Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI).
[43] Wong, Po K., (1999): National Innovation Systems for Rapid Technological Catch-up: An analytical framework and a competitive analysis of Korea, Taiwan and Singapore. Paper presented at the DRUID Summer Conference on National Innovation.
[44] Whalley, J., and X. Zhao. 2010. “The Contribution of Human Capital to China’s Economic Growth.” NBER Working Paper 16592, National Bureau for Economic Research, Cambridge, MA
[45] World Bank. 2018. World Bank Education Overview: Higher Education (English). World Bank Education Overview. Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group.
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da Silva, J. G. . (2019). A methodology proposal to develop a research project for innovation system. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 7(10), 714-732. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1819
