The Clausal Realization of Hedges in Teacher Talk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss5.695Keywords:
hedges, systemic-functional grammar, discourse structure, teacher talkAbstract
Hedges as a linguistic device has been studied from different perspectives since Lakoff proposed this linguistic concept. The preceding researches focused on definition, classification and research domain of hedges. This thesis is aimed at the application of hedges by teachers in the spoken English class context through classroom observation and transcription from the teacher-student interaction. Based on the functional analysis of the excerpts from the spoken English classes, pedagogical implications of hedge use are illuminated. Thus, teachers can motivate the classroom participation on the part of students in thinking and speaking.
Downloads
References
Allwright, D., & Bailey, K. M. (1991). Focus on the language classroom: An introduction to classroom research for language teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085
Channell, J. (1994). Vague language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cullen, R. (2002). Supportive teacher talk: The importance of the F-move, ELT Journal 56 (2), 117-127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/56.2.117
Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1978)/(2001). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. London: Edward Arnold/Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
---. (1985). Spoken and written language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
---. (1994)/(2000). An introduction to functional grammar (2nd edition). London: Edward Arnold/Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Matthiessen, Christian. (1999). Construing experience through meaning: A language-based approach to cognition. London and New York: Continuum.
---. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar (3rd edition). London: Edward Arnold.
Hedge, T. (2000). Teaching and learning in language classroom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Jiang, Jingyang. (2006). Communicative activities in EFL classrooms. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press.
Krashen, S. D. (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and implications. London: Longman.
Lakoff, G. (1972). Hedges: A study in meaning criteria and the logic of fuzzy concepts. Papers presented at the eighth regional meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago.
McCarthy, M. (1991). Discourse analysis for language teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
---. (1998). Spoken language and applied linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pang, Jianrong. (2007). Pragmatic analysis of rhetorical vagueness— With special reference to political texts. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Peirce, C. S. (1902). Vagueness. In M. Baldwin (Ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology Ⅱ. London: Macmillan.
Prince, E. F., Frader, J., & Bosk, C. (1982). On hedging in physician-physician discourse. In R. J. Pietro (Ed.), Linguistics and the Professions. Norwood: Ablex.
Schroder, H., & Zimmer, D. (2000). Hedging: a challenge for pragmatics and discourse analysis. Letze Aktualisierung am Donnerstag (6).
Swain, M. (1985). Communicative competence: Some roles of comprehensible input and comprehensible output in its development. In S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Input in Second Language Acquisition.Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Thompson, G. (1996)/(2000). Introducing functional grammar. London: Arnold/Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control 8, 338-353. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
---. (1971). Quantitative fuzzy semantics. Information Sciences 3, 159-176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-0255(71)80004-X
---. (1972). A fuzzy-set-theoretic interpretation of hedges. Journal of Cybernetics 2, 4-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01969727208542910
陈治安 (Chen, Zhi’an)、冉永平 (Ran, Yongping). (1995). 模糊限制词语及其语用分析，《四川外语学院学报》第1期，18-24页。
陈治安 (Chen, Zhi’an)、文旭 (Wen, Xu). (1996). 模糊语言学研究的回顾与展望,《外国语》第5期，29-34页。
何自然 (He, Ziran). (1985). 模糊限制语与言语交际，《外国语》第5期，27-31页。
胡壮麟、朱永生、张德禄、李战子 (Hu, Zhuanglin et al.). (2005).《系统功能语言学概论》，北京：北京大学出版社。
黄锦如 (Huang, Jinru)、陈桦 (Chen, Hua). (2001). 模糊限制语的语用功能及其对外语教学的启示，《北京第二外国语学院学报》第6期，9-13页。
李战子 (Li, Zhanzi). (2002).《话语的人际意义研究》，上海：上海外语教育出版社。
李佐文 (Li, Zuowen). (2001). 试论模糊限制语的人际功能，《北京第二外国语学院学报》第6期，5-13页。
王琳 (Wang, Lin). (2005). 范畴化中的模糊限制语，《中山大学学报论丛》第4期，154-157页。
汪先锋 (Wang, Xianfeng). (2005a). 模糊限制语的人际功能分析，《韶关学院学报》第2期，92-95页。
---，(2005b). 模糊限制语的元功能分析，《重庆交通学院学报》第2期，109-112页。
吴世雄 (Wu, Shixiong)、陈维振 (Chen, Weizhen). (2001). 中国模糊语言学：回顾与前瞻，《外语教学与研究》第1期，7-14页。
伍铁平（Wu, Tieping). (1999). 《模糊语言学》. 上海：上海外语教育出版社
曾文雄 (Zeng, Wenxiong). (2005). 国内外模糊限制语的语言学研究，《山东外语教学》第3期，23-26页。
张德禄、苗兴伟、李学宁 (Zhang, Delu, et al.). (2005).《功能语言学与外语教学》, 北京：外语教学与研究出版社。
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Jixin Liu, Xiaoting Li
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyrights for articles published in IJIER journals are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author for more visit Copyright & License.
How to Cite
