Self-based Learning Compared to Didactic Learning for Basic Medical or Surgical Technical Skills

Abstract

This randomized controlled study compared self-based learning (SBL) to didactic learning (DL) in teaching medical students medical and surgical skills. Self-based learning is at least as good as didactic learning in teaching medical students. The skills used were IV line insertion and simple interrupted suture. Sixty-four consenting second year medical students were randomly divided into two groups of 32 students each. For the IV line insertion activity, Group 1 was given a short didactic lecture on IV line insertion and Group 2 received a self-based learning task. Both groups were assessed a week later for IV line insertion on a dummy. Then the two groups were crossed over, where Group 2 attended a short didactic lecture and Group 1 underwent a self-based learning task on simple interrupted suturing. Both groups were assessed a week later using a suturing pad model. Statistical analysis of data, collected from assessment forms and questionnaires, was done using χ2 test (chi-square test). The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of their performance assessment, for both skills. However, student satisfaction significantly differed between the two groups with the SBL group expressing higher overall satisfaction in both activities. Self-based learning should be integrated in medical curricula since its comparable to didactic learning in terms of students’ performance and leads to higher student satisfaction.