Analysis of e-visibility status of faculties in Africa
Google Scholar Citation index as a yardstick.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss7.1606Keywords:
E-visibility, Citation, Citation Index, Google Scholar, Research, Research ProductivityAbstract
Visibility ultimately increases citation counts as well as improving the research productivity of researchers. Analyzing the e-visibility status of faculties in Africa using Google Scholar Citation index as a yardstick is the objective of the study. Comparative causal- effect Ex Post Facto research design was employed in to achieving the desired objectives. With an estimate of eight hundred and forty-three thousand, five hundred (843, 500) academic staff in various African Universities as the population of the study; One thousand, six hundred and sixty-seven (1,667) academic staff was sampled from ten (10) universities. Two universities from each region of West Africa, Southern Africa, East Africa, North Africa and Central Africa that have GSC accounts formed the bases of the sample. Purposive quota sampling technique was used to select faculties who have account with google scholar that provides individual statistics of citation counts. Data was collected strictly using google scholar database. Google scholar database provided information on paper citation counts. Data was analyzed as follows: the research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation while One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the hypotheses. Among the findings were that University of Cape Town, University of Pretoria, Cairo University and University of Nairobi are most e-visible universities, also citation indexes of faculties among African universities are statistically significant. The study also established the importance of GSC as an open access source that can be utilized to evaluate and improve productivity and visibility of African faculties so recommended same researchers in Africa to take advantage of.
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References
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Altmann, J’, Abbas, A., & Hwang, J., (2009). Evaluating the productivity of researchers and their communities: The RP-Index and the CP-Index. International Journal of Computer Science Application, volume 6. No. 2 pp 104-118.
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Bar-Ilan, J. (2008). Which h-index? – A comparison of WoS, Scopus and Google Scholar. Scientometrics, 74(2): 257-271
Bar-Ilan, J., Levene, M., & Lin, A. (2007). Some measures for comparing citation databases. Journal of Informetrics, 1:26-34
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Kpolovie, P., J. (2010). Advanced research methods. New Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Springfield publishers ltd.
Kpolovie, P., J. (2011). Statistical techniques for advanced research. New Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Springfield publishers ltd.
Kpolovie, P., J. & Onoshagbegbe, E., S. (2017). Research productivity: h-index and i10-index of academics in Nigerian universities. International journal of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Vol. No. 2. pp62-123.
Kpolovie, P. J. (2018). Multiple Prediction of Research Productivity: H-Index. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(11)110-135. DoI:10.14738/assrj.511.5518.
Kousha, K. & Thelwall, M. (2008). Sources of Google Scholar citations outside the Science Citation Index: a comparison between four science disciplines. Scientometrics, 74(2): 273-294.
Kulkami, A.V., Aziz, B., Shama, I. & Busse, J.W. (2009). Comparisons of citations in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles published in general medical journals. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302(10): 1092-1096.
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Lertputtarak, S. (2008). An investigation of factor s related to research productivity in a Public University in Thailand: A case study. Retrieved from http://vuir.vu.edu.au/1459/
Marsh, H., W. & Hattie, J. (2002). The relation between research productivity and teaching effectiveness: complimentary, antagonistic, or independent constructs. The Journal of higher education. Vol. 73, no. 5, pp634-641.
Mayr, P. & Walter, A.K. (2007). An exploratory study of Google Scholar. Online Information Review, 31(6): 814-830.
McGill, M. M., & Settle, A. (2012). Identifying effects of institutional resources and support on computing research productivity, tenure and promotion. International Journal of doctoral studies. Vol. 7 pp167-198.
Meyers M., A. & Quan, H. (2017). The use of the h-index to evaluate and rank academic departments. Journal of materials research and technology. 6(4):304–311
Mingers, J. & Lipitakis, E. (2010). Counting the citations: a comparison of Web of Science and Google Scholar in the field of business and management. Scientometrics, 85(2): 613-625.
Moed, H. F. (2005). Citation analysis in research evaluation. Doedrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
Noruzi, A. (2005). Google Scholar: The New Generation of Citation Indexes. LIBRI, 55(4) 170- 180.
Nwagwu, W.E. (2005) Deficits in the Visibility of Aftican Scientists: Implications for Developing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capacity. World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 2(3/4):244-260.
Nwagwu, W.E. (2007). Creating Science and Technology Information Databases for Developing and Sustaining Sub-Saharan Africa's Indigenous knowledge. Journal of Information Science, 33: 737-751.
Olalude, F.O. (2007). Utilization of Internet Sources for Research by Information Professionals in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 17(1) 53-58.
Onyancha, O. B. (2009). A Citation Analysis of Sub-Saharan African Library and Information Science Journals using Google Scholar. Afr. J. Lib, Arch. & Inf. Sc. Vol. 19, No. 2. 101 – 116.
Onyancha, O. B. (2007). LIS Research in Africa: How much is it Worth? A Citation Analysis of the Literature, 1986-2006. South African Journal of Libraries and Information Science, 73(2) 95-108.
Onyancha, O., B. & Ocholla, D., N. (2008). Assessing researchers’ performance in developing countries: is Google Scholar an alternative? In P. A. van Brakel (ed). Proceedings of 'the 10"" Annual Conference on World Wide Web Applications, 3-5.
Okiki, O., C. (2013). Research productivity of teaching faculty members in Nigerian federal universities: An investigative study. Chinese librarianship: An international electronic Journal. 36.pp99-117.
Okiki, O., C., & Iyabo, M. (2013). Impact of information literacy skills on academic staff research productivity in Nigerian federal universities. Information and knowledge management, 3 (2), pp9-18
Okenedo, S., Popoola, S. O., Emmanuel, S. O. & Bamigboye, O. B. (2015). Correlational analysis of demographic factors, self-concept and research productivity of librarians in public universities in South-West, Nigeria. International Journal of library science, 4(3): 43-52.
Paasi, A. (2005). Globalization, academic capitalism, and the uneven geographies of international journal publishing spaces. Environment and Planning, volume 37, pages 769- 789. DOI:10.1068/a3769
Schubert, A. (2007). Successive h-indices. Scientometrics, 70(1), pp 201-205.
Tafreshi, G. H., Imani, M. N. & Ghashlag, P. M. (2013). Designing a model for research productivity evaluation of faculty of district 2 of Islamic Azard university of Iran. World applied science Journal 21 (12): 1708-1720.
Thomson Reuters essential science indicators citation threshold.
Yusuf, A. K (2012). An appraisal of research in Nigeria's university sector. J Res Natl Dev, researchgate.net.
Aina, L. A. (2016). The visibility of researchers: measuring the impact of journals in a scholarly community. Paper Delivered at the Redeemer’s University Research Seminar, held at the University Auditorium, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria. retrieved: 15/9/2018
Ajiferuke, I. (2011). How to overcome some of the challenges that African scholars are facing in conducting informetrics research. SA Jnl Libs & Info Sci 77(2)
Altbach, P. G. (2015). What counts for academic productivity in research universities? International Higher Education. Number 79: p6-7
Altmann, J’, Abbas, A., & Hwang, J., (2009). Evaluating the productivity of researchers and their communities: The RP-Index and the CP-Index. International Journal of Computer Science Application, volume 6. No. 2 pp 104-118.
Athey, S. & Plotnicki, J. (2000). An evaluation of research productivity in academic IT. Communications of the Association for information systems. 3, article 7, 2-19. Available at: http://www.pitt.edu/~ckemerer/Athey%20and%20Plotnicki%202000.pd
Bakuwa, J. (2014). The significance of citation impact indicators of research performance in the developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, 10(1), pp. 112-122.
Bar-Ilan, J. (2008). Which h-index? – A comparison of WoS, Scopus and Google Scholar. Scientometrics, 74(2): 257-271
Bar-Ilan, J., Levene, M., & Lin, A. (2007). Some measures for comparing citation databases. Journal of Informetrics, 1:26-34
Bassey, U., Akuegwu, B., Udida, L. & Udey, F. U. (2007). Academic staff research productivity: a study of universities in South-South zone of Nigeria. Educational Research and Review volume 2(5), pp 103-108.
Beiler, A., Zimmerman, L. M., Doerr, A. J., & Clark, M. A. (2014). An evaluation of research productivity among I-O Psychology Doctoral programs. The industrial organizational psychologist. Volume 51, issue 3, pp 40-52.
Bornmann, L. & Daniel, H. D. (2009). The state of h index research: is the h-index the ideal way to measure research performance? Embor report. Vol. 10 No 1
Bornmann, L. & Daniel, H. D. (2007a). What do we know about the h-index? J Am Soc Inf Sci Tec 58: 1381-1385.
Bornmann, L., Wallon, G., & Ledin A. (2008b). Is the h-index related to (standard) bibliometric measures and to the assessments by peers? An investigation of the h index by using molecular life sciences data. Research Evaluation 17: 149-156
Dhamdhere, S. N. (2018). Cumulative citations index, h-index and i10-index (research metrics) of an educational institute: A case study. International Journal of Library and Information Science. Vol. 10(1), pp. 1-9. DOI: 10.5897/IJLIS2017.0797
Ebrahim, N. A., Salehi, H., Embi, M. A., Tanha, F. H., Gholizadeh, H. & Motahar, S. M. (2014). Visibility and Citation Impact. International Education Studies; Vol. 7, No. 4.
Google Scholar (2018). Google Scholar metrics. https://scholar.google.com/intl/en/scholar/metrics.html
Hirsch, J. E. (2005). An index to quantify an individual’s scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). 102(46), 16569-16572. Retrieved from http://www.pnas.org/content/102/46/16569.full.pdf
Hirsch, J. E. (2007). Does the h index have predictive power? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). USA 104: 191930-19198. http://www.pnas.org/content/104/191930.full.pdf.
Harzing, A-W. (2007). Google Scholar – a new data source for citation analysis. http://www.harzing.com/resources.htm#/pop_gs.htm
Huggins-Hoyt, K. Y., Holosko, M. J., Brigs, H. & Barner, J. R. (2014). Citation impact scores of top African American scholars in social work Schools: The story behind the data. Research on Social Work Practice 1-7. DOI: 10.1177/1049731514530004.
Jacso, P. (2008). Testing the calculation of a realistic h index in Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science for F. W. Lancaster. Library Trends 56: 784-815.
Jacs, P. (2008). The pros and cons of computing the h-index using Google Scholar. Online Information Review, 32(3): 437-452.
Kpolovie, P., J. (2010). Advanced research methods. New Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Springfield publishers ltd.
Kpolovie, P., J. (2011). Statistical techniques for advanced research. New Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Springfield publishers ltd.
Kpolovie, P., J. & Onoshagbegbe, E., S. (2017). Research productivity: h-index and i10-index of academics in Nigerian universities. International journal of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Vol. No. 2. pp62-123.
Kpolovie, P. J. (2018). Multiple Prediction of Research Productivity: H-Index. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(11)110-135. DoI:10.14738/assrj.511.5518.
Kousha, K. & Thelwall, M. (2008). Sources of Google Scholar citations outside the Science Citation Index: a comparison between four science disciplines. Scientometrics, 74(2): 273-294.
Kulkami, A.V., Aziz, B., Shama, I. & Busse, J.W. (2009). Comparisons of citations in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles published in general medical journals. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302(10): 1092-1096.
Lateef, A., Ogunkunle, A. T. J., and Adigun, G. O (2016). Google scholar citation in retrospect: Visibility and contributions of African scholars. COLLNET Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management. Vol.10(2), pp. 219-236, DOI: 10.1080/09737766.2016.1213966. http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tsim20
Lertputtarak, S. (2008). An investigation of factor s related to research productivity in a Public University in Thailand: A case study. Retrieved from http://vuir.vu.edu.au/1459/
Marsh, H., W. & Hattie, J. (2002). The relation between research productivity and teaching effectiveness: complimentary, antagonistic, or independent constructs. The Journal of higher education. Vol. 73, no. 5, pp634-641.
Mayr, P. & Walter, A.K. (2007). An exploratory study of Google Scholar. Online Information Review, 31(6): 814-830.
McGill, M. M., & Settle, A. (2012). Identifying effects of institutional resources and support on computing research productivity, tenure and promotion. International Journal of doctoral studies. Vol. 7 pp167-198.
Meyers M., A. & Quan, H. (2017). The use of the h-index to evaluate and rank academic departments. Journal of materials research and technology. 6(4):304–311
Mingers, J. & Lipitakis, E. (2010). Counting the citations: a comparison of Web of Science and Google Scholar in the field of business and management. Scientometrics, 85(2): 613-625.
Moed, H. F. (2005). Citation analysis in research evaluation. Doedrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
Noruzi, A. (2005). Google Scholar: The New Generation of Citation Indexes. LIBRI, 55(4) 170- 180.
Nwagwu, W.E. (2005) Deficits in the Visibility of Aftican Scientists: Implications for Developing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Capacity. World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 2(3/4):244-260.
Nwagwu, W.E. (2007). Creating Science and Technology Information Databases for Developing and Sustaining Sub-Saharan Africa's Indigenous knowledge. Journal of Information Science, 33: 737-751.
Olalude, F.O. (2007). Utilization of Internet Sources for Research by Information Professionals in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 17(1) 53-58.
Onyancha, O. B. (2009). A Citation Analysis of Sub-Saharan African Library and Information Science Journals using Google Scholar. Afr. J. Lib, Arch. & Inf. Sc. Vol. 19, No. 2. 101 – 116.
Onyancha, O. B. (2007). LIS Research in Africa: How much is it Worth? A Citation Analysis of the Literature, 1986-2006. South African Journal of Libraries and Information Science, 73(2) 95-108.
Onyancha, O., B. & Ocholla, D., N. (2008). Assessing researchers’ performance in developing countries: is Google Scholar an alternative? In P. A. van Brakel (ed). Proceedings of 'the 10"" Annual Conference on World Wide Web Applications, 3-5.
Okiki, O., C. (2013). Research productivity of teaching faculty members in Nigerian federal universities: An investigative study. Chinese librarianship: An international electronic Journal. 36.pp99-117.
Okiki, O., C., & Iyabo, M. (2013). Impact of information literacy skills on academic staff research productivity in Nigerian federal universities. Information and knowledge management, 3 (2), pp9-18
Okenedo, S., Popoola, S. O., Emmanuel, S. O. & Bamigboye, O. B. (2015). Correlational analysis of demographic factors, self-concept and research productivity of librarians in public universities in South-West, Nigeria. International Journal of library science, 4(3): 43-52.
Paasi, A. (2005). Globalization, academic capitalism, and the uneven geographies of international journal publishing spaces. Environment and Planning, volume 37, pages 769- 789. DOI:10.1068/a3769
Schubert, A. (2007). Successive h-indices. Scientometrics, 70(1), pp 201-205.
Tafreshi, G. H., Imani, M. N. & Ghashlag, P. M. (2013). Designing a model for research productivity evaluation of faculty of district 2 of Islamic Azard university of Iran. World applied science Journal 21 (12): 1708-1720.
Thomson Reuters essential science indicators citation threshold.
Yusuf, A. K (2012). An appraisal of research in Nigeria's university sector. J Res Natl Dev, researchgate.net.
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Dorgu, I., & James, K. P. (2019). Analysis of e-visibility status of faculties in Africa: Google Scholar Citation index as a yardstick. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 7(7), 243-266. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss7.1606
