Toxicity assessment of Syzygium jambos and Solanum guaraniticum hydroethanolic leaf extracts thru Artemia salina lethality and spleen lymphocyte cytotoxicity tests

Gabriela Bonfanti-Azzolin; Andressa Leal Zambra; Bruna  Morgan da Silva; Karine  Santos De Bona; Paula  Eliete Rodrigues Bitencourt; Lariane  Cargnelutti; Raphaela  Maleski Borges; Mayara  L. De Freitas; Ricardo  Brandão; Josiane  Woutheres Bortolotto; Aline  Augusti Boligon; Aline  S. Pigatto; Maria Beatriz  Moretto; Thissiane  de Lima Gonçalves

doi:10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1758

Authors

Gabriela Bonfanti-Azzolin Universidade de Cruz Alta
Andressa Leal Zambra
Bruna Morgan da Silva
Karine Santos De Bona
Paula Eliete Rodrigues Bitencourt
Lariane Cargnelutti
Raphaela Maleski Borges
Mayara L. De Freitas
Ricardo Brandão
Josiane Woutheres Bortolotto
Aline Augusti Boligon
Aline S. Pigatto
Maria Beatriz Moretto
Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1758

Keywords:

Myrtaceae, Solanaceae, toxicity, vegetal extracts

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of Syzygium jambos and Solanum guaraniticum leaf extracts, through Artemia salina lethality testing and cytotoxicity evaluations in rat spleen lymphocytes, using methyl tetrazolium (MTT), neutral red uptake (NRU), trypan blue dye exclusion, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assays, besides by their in vitro effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The LC50 calculated in the A. salina bioassay demonstrated that both extracts might well be toxic. Solanum guaraniticum presented cytotoxic effects against lymphocytes, as demonstrated by viable cells count reductions, NR uptake, and increased LDH leakage. Syzygium jambos appears to present immunomodulatory properties, increasing lymphocyte mitochondrial activity and inhibiting AChE activity. The results demonstrated the possible harmful effects of these vegetal preparations and may be helpful in therapeutic decisions and future studies with respect to the toxicology of these extracts, when used as phytotherapeutic medicines.

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