Transformation of Plastic Waste into Fuel by Pyrolysis

Abstract

Given the scenario of difficulty of equalizing treatment and disposal costs, environmental risks and reduction of mass and volume of waste, the pyrolysis process presents itself as a promising option of heat treatment for the most varied types of waste. The present work aims to enable the transformation of plastic waste into combustion engine fuels. And specifically, perform the pyrolysis process for fuel generation through plastic waste, and describe the benefits generated by the transformation process. The methodology used is the case study, with qualitative approach. To obtain the fuel, it was necessary to use equipment that can degrade the plastic waste by heating it, being possible with the use of a pyrolysis oven. Heating the plastic residue inside the oven without the presence of oxygen causes the residue to melt without burning, releasing vapors, which upon exiting the heating chamber and finding the condensation chamber turns the vapor into liquid, more precisely into fuel oil. However, it was noticed that the transformation of plastic waste into fuel through pyrolysis causes the reduction of the impacts generated by solid waste disposal in the environment, water and air. In addition, it enables a new form of fuel generation, since previously it could only generate fuel from oil.