What We Know About the Genetic Determinants of Human Homosexuality? A Short Review Communication
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss3.2978Keywords:
Homosexuality, Human Homosexuality, Genetics, LGBTQIA CommunityAbstract
“Homosexualism”, “sexual orientation disorder”, “egodistonic homosexuality”, “unspecified sexual disorder”, “sexual maturity disorder” and “sexual relationship disorder”. Since 1948, these have been, throughout the history of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DCM) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), the terms used by the scientific community to categorize the homoaffective spectrum until in 2017, in the face of strong social and academic demand, their complete disengagement from any terminology that categorizes them as physical and/or mental illness. On the other hand, some areas of science have contributed substantially to a better understanding of this subject, such as genetics and epigenetics. Today, although the scientific community still offers some points of resistance, especially in more conservative countries, it is a consensus that since the implementation of the genome project there has been a considerable methodological expansion that has opened new possibilities of studies that have allowed this advance.
References
BLANCHARD, Ray. Fraternal birth order and the maternal immune hypothesis of male homosexuality. Hormones and behavior, v. 40, n. 2, p. 105-114, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/hbeh.2001.1681
BLANCHARD, Ray. Review and theory of handedness, birth order, and homosexuality in men. Laterality, v. 13, n. 1, p. 51-70, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13576500701710432
BLANCHARD, Ray; KLASSEN, Philip. HY antigen and homosexuality in men. Journal of theoretical biology, v. 185, n. 3, p. 373-378, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1996.0315
CASTELLANOS, H. Daniel. The role of institutional placement, family conflict, and homosexuality in homelessness pathways among Latino LGBT youth in New York City. Journal of homosexuality, v. 63, n. 5, p. 601-632, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2015.1111108
CIANI, Andrea Camperio; BATTAGLIA, Umberto; ZANZOTTO, Giovanni. Human homosexuality: a paradigmatic arena for sexually antagonistic selection?. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, v. 7, n. 4, p. a017657, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a017657
DRESCHER, Jack. Queer diagnoses revisited: The past and future of homosexuality and gender diagnoses in DSM and ICD. International Review of Psychiatry, v. 27, n. 5, p. 386-395, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2015.1053847
FRIAS-NAVARRO, Dolores et al. Etiology of homosexuality and attitudes toward same-sex parenting: A randomized study. The Journal of Sex Research, v. 52, n. 2, p. 151-161, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2013.802757
KINNEY III, Robert L. Homosexuality and scientific evidence: On suspect anecdotes, antiquated data, and broad generalizations. The Linacre Quarterly, v. 82, n. 4, p. 364-390, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000002
LEUILLET, P.; COUR, F.; DROUPY, S. Dysfunctions sexuelles masculines et homosexualité. Advances in Urology, v. 23, n. 9, pp. 727-733, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2013.02.008
MAHLER, Lieselotte; MUNDLE, Goetz; PLOEDERL, Martin. Effects and side effects of the disease concept" Homosexuality". Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, v. 86, n. 8, p. 469-476, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0653-7177
MCGUIRE, Terry R. Is homosexuality genetic? A critical review and some suggestions. Journal of Homosexuality, v. 28, n. 1-2, p. 115-146, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v28n01_08
MORRIS, John A. et al. Brain aromatase: dyed-in-the-wool homosexuality. Endocrinology, v. 145, n. 2, p. 475-477, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-1461
NELSON, Eileen S.; KRIEGER, Shirley L. Changes in attitudes toward homosexuality in college students: Implementation of a gay men and lesbian peer panel. Journal of Homosexuality, v. 33, n. 2, p. 63-81, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v33n02_04
SCHÜKLENK, Udo; RISTOW, Michael. The ethics of research into the cause (s) of homosexuality. Journal of Homosexuality, v. 31, n. 3, p. 5-30, 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v31n03_02
ZUCKER, Kenneth J.; SPITZER, Robert L. Was the gender identity disorder of childhood diagnosis introduced into DSM-III as a backdoor maneuver to replace homosexuality? A historical note. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, v. 31, n. 1, p. 31-42, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00926230590475251
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Nelma Lina Almeida Castro, Sandra Martins de Brito Carvalho, Cristina Paula Pereira, Maria Neide de Almeida, Patricia Coelho de Almeida, Leandro Rachel Arguello, Antonio Carlos Dorsa, Giuliano Moreto Onaka, Patricia Kubalaki Onaka, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Luis Henrique Almeida Castro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyrights for articles published in IJIER journals are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author for more visit Copyright & License.
How to Cite
Accepted 2021-02-12
Published 2021-03-01
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Leandro Rachel Arguello, Nelson Thiago Andrade Ferreira, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Jessica Alves Ribeiro, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Sarita Baltuilhe dos Santos, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Ygor Thiago Cerqueira de Paula, Vanessa de Souza Ferraz, Tayla Borges Lino, Thiago Teixeira Pereira, Energy metabolism , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 8 No. 9 (2020): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Leandro Arguello, Diego Bezerra de Souza, Antonio Carlos Dorsa, Raphael Ricardo de Jesus Portela, Aline Ortega Soloaga, Raquel Borges de Barros Primo, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Flávio Henrique Souza de Araújo, André Luiz Dias, João Vitor Alves dos Santos, Gildiney Penaves de Alencar, The Analyzing the application of the equality concept to indigenous status in relation to human rights , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Diego Bezerra de Souza, Nelson Thiago Andrade Ferreira, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Aline Ortega Soloaga, Raquel Borges de Barros Primo, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Ygor Thiago Cerqueira de Paula, Vanessa de Souza Ferraz, Lúcio Barbosa Neto, Wesley Sebastião da Silva Moraes, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, General Gymnastics and its Applicability in the School and Social Environment , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Leandro Rachel Arguello, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Diego Bezerra de Souza, Antonio Carlos Dorsa, Raphael Ricardo de Jesus Portela, Aline Ortega Soloaga, Raquel Borges de Barros Primo, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Flávio Henrique Souza de Araújo, Dayane Caetano, Tayla Borges Lino, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Discourse Analysis On Physical Activity For People With Disabilities , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Diego Bezerra de Souza, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Nelson Thiago Andrade Ferreira, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Aline Ortega Soloaga, Raquel Borges de Barros Primo, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Ygor Thiago Cerqueira de Paula, Vanessa de Souza Ferraz, Júlia Arruda de Fonseca Palmiere, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Inclusion, physical activity and quality of life for people with disabilities , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Nelma Lina Almeida Castro, Sandra Martins de Brito Carvalho, Cristina Paula Pereira, Maria Neide de Almeida, Patricia Coelho de Almeida, Leandro Rachel Arguello, Antonio Carlos Dorsa, Patricia Kubalaki Onaka, Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Transversal Diagnosis of the Panorama of Professional Education: A Case Study of the City of Itaporã – Mato Grosso do Sul , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Ygor Thiago Cerqueira de Paula, Vanessa de Souza Ferraz, Flavia Soares Bezerra Okumoto Nery de Mello, Dayane Aparecida Moisés Caetano Bottini, Nelson Thiago Andrade Ferreira, Tayla Borges Lino, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Gildiney Penaves de Alencar, Wesley Sebastião da Silva Moraes, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Endocannabinoid system , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 8 No. 9 (2020): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Ygor Thiago Cerqueira de Paula, Vanessa de Souza Ferraz, Flavia Soares Bezerra Okumoto Nery de Mello, Dayane Aparecida Moisés Caetano Bottini, Nelson Thiago Andrade Ferreira, Tayla Borges Lino, Juliana Vicente de Souza, Gildiney Penaves de Alencar, João Vitor Alves dos Santos, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Nutritional physical examination , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 8 No. 9 (2020): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Gildiney Penaves de Alencar, Thiago Teixeira Pereira, Fernanda Viana de Carvalho Moreto, Lucas Rodrigues Santa Cruz, Breno Alcará Ferreira, Pedro Mochi Romero de Oliveira, Verônica Assalin Zorgetto-Pinheiro, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Nutritional Health, Food Safety and its Social Determinants , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
- Luis Henrique Almeida Castro, Diego Bezerra de Souza, Geanlucas Mendes Monteiro, Gildiney Penaves de Alencar, João Vitor Alves dos Santos, Lúcio Barbosa Neto, Raphael de Souza Cosmo, Thiago Teixeira Pereira, Wesley Sebastião da Silva Moraes, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Food Science from the Perspective of the Nutrition Professional , International Journal for Innovation Education and Research: Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research