Anatomical changes in Urochloa Plantaginea and Urochloa Platyphylla under different soil moisture conditions

Lucas Chagastelles Pinto de Macedo; Sylvio Henrique  Bidel Dornelles; Liliana Essi; Matheus Bohrer Scherer; Jéssica Cezar Cassol; Mariane Peripolli; Jaíne Rubert

doi:10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss8.3306

Authors

Lucas Chagastelles Pinto de Macedo Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Sylvio Henrique Bidel Dornelles Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-6176
Liliana Essi Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Matheus Bohrer Scherer Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-4141
Jéssica Cezar Cassol Federal University of Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5229-6187
Mariane Peripolli Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Jaíne Rubert Universidade Federal de Santa Maria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss8.3306

Keywords:

Anatomy, Brachiaria, Hypoxia

Abstract

Urochloa plantaginea and Urochloa platyphylla are common weeds in the highland area. However, in recent years, they have been found in wetlands and poorly drained soils, but the biology and behavior of the species in these conditions are not known. Thus, the objective was to assess anatomical changes in plants of Urochloa plantaginea and Urochloa platyphylla grown under different soil moisture conditions, as well as the adaptive structures generated as a result of each environment. A completely randomized experimental design in the form of a 2x2 factorial design was used, with factor A being two species of Urochloa (U. plantaginea and U. platyphylla), and species B being three soil moisture conditions (50 and 100% FC and 5 cm water depth), with four repetitions. The assessments were performed by means of anatomical cuts, observing the number and diameter (micrometers - μm) of aerenchymas in stems, roots and leaves; total diameter and the central root cylinder (μm); diameter of the fistula medulla and cortex (μm) in stems; mesophyll thickness and leaf midrib (μm). It was found that, for the two species of Urochloa, the water depth condition induced an increase in the number and diameter of aerenchymas in roots and leaves and provided a larger diameter of the fistulous pith in stems. The diameter of the central cylinder and the thickness of the leaf mesophyll midrib were more compact at 50% FC, also, for both species. Therefore, the adaptive structures generated vary as a result of the field capacity of the soil.

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