Synthesis of Substituted 2,2’-Dinitrobiphenyls by a Novel Solvent-Free High Yielding Ullmann Coupling Biarylation:

Ghislain R Mandouma; Ayunna Epps; John Barbas

doi:10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss12.293

Synthesis of Substituted 2,2’-Dinitrobiphenyls by a Novel Solvent-Free High Yielding Ullmann Coupling Biarylation:

Authors

Ghislain R Mandouma

Valdosta State University, USA
Ayunna Epps

Albany State University, USA
John Barbas

Albany State University, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss12.293

Abstract

Solvent-free reaction using a high-speed ball milling technique has been applied to the classical Ullmann coupling reaction for the first time. Biarylation of 2-iodonitrobenzene was achieved in quantitative yield when performed in a custom-made copper vial through continuous shaking without additional copper or solvent. The product was solid, NMR ready and required no lengthy extraction for purification. This reaction was cleaner, and faster than solution phase coupling which requires longer reaction time in high boiling solvents, added copper catalyst, and lengthy extraction and purification steps. Gram quantities of the biaryl compound were synthesized in larger copper vials. This is a general method that can be used to effectively reduce industrial waste en route to sustainability.

Author Biographies

Ghislain R Mandouma, Valdosta State University, USA

Department of Chemistry
Ayunna Epps, Albany State University, USA

Department of Natural Sciences
John Barbas, Albany State University, USA

Department of Natural Sciences

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Published

2014-12-01

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Vol. 2 No. 12 (2014): International Journal for Innovation Education and Research

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Journal Articles

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How to Cite

Mandouma, G. R., Epps, A., & Barbas, J. (2014). Synthesis of Substituted 2,2’-Dinitrobiphenyls by a Novel Solvent-Free High Yielding Ullmann Coupling Biarylation:. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 2(12), 133-149. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss12.293